What are thick-walled cells created by bacteria to aid in reproduction and provide resistance to harsh environments called?

The thick-walled cells created by bacteria to aid in reproduction and provide resistance to harsh environments are known as spores. Spores are a survival mechanism that allows bacteria to endure extreme conditions such as high temperatures, desiccation, and exposure to harmful chemicals. By forming spores, bacteria can remain dormant for extended periods and reactivate when conditions become favorable for growth.

In contrast, protozoa are single-celled organisms that can have various forms and do not primarily utilize spores for reproduction. Mycoses refer to fungal infections, and while fungi can form spores, they are unrelated to bacterial reproduction. Viruses are not cellular organisms and do not produce spores; they require a host cell to replicate. Thus, spores are specifically associated with bacterial resilience and reproduction through their thick-walled structure.