What should be included in hand hygiene practices to ensure infection control?

Hand hygiene practices are essential in preventing the spread of infections and ensuring effective infection control. The best approach recommended involves using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. This method is effective because:

1. Soap and water facilitate the removal of dirt, debris, and pathogens from the skin. When combined with proper handwashing techniques—such as scrubbing for at least 20 seconds—this process significantly reduces the presence of harmful microorganisms.

2. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are effective alternatives when soap and water are not available. They can inactivate many types of germs, provided they contain at least 60% alcohol. The sanitizers should be applied liberally and rubbed over all surfaces of the hands until they are dry.

By adhering to these hand hygiene practices, individuals can drastically lower the risk of transmitting infections, which is pivotal in both healthcare settings and everyday life.

Other choices are less effective; rinsing with water alone does not remove pathogens, and wiping hands on a cloth could inadvertently transfer germs back to hands. While using lotion can be beneficial for skin health post-washing, it does not contribute to the actual process of killing or removing pathogens.