Which of the following diseases is caused by bacteria?

The correct response is based on the fact that food poisoning can be caused by various bacteria, such as Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter. These bacteria can contaminate food and lead to gastrointestinal illnesses, which are categorized under foodborne infections. The symptoms often associated with food poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps.

In contrast, ringworm and athlete's foot are caused by fungi, making them fungal infections rather than bacterial. HIV is a viral infection that is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, which does not fall under bacterial diseases. Therefore, food poisoning is distinctly recognized as a bacterial disease, aligning with the criteria set by the question.